The Anatomy of the Respiratory System
The respiratory system consists of the airways, lungs, bony thorax, and respiratory muscles and functions in conjunction with the central nervous system (CNS). These structures work together to deliver oxygen to the bloodstream and remove excess carbon dioxide from the body. More »
Antineoplastics Agents Pharmacology Cheat Sheet
Antineoplastics agents are used in Treatment of various types of cancers’ mycosis fungoides, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular course JRA (methotrexate), gynecomastia, oligospermia (tamoxifen). Antineoplastic drugs include aromatase inhibitors, purine analogs, folic acid antagonists, and nonsteroidal antiestrogens. Aromatase inhibitors work by
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Health Benefits Cheat Sheet
Vitamin c is also known as Ascorbic acid: is a powerful reducing agent controlling the redox potential within cells. It is involved in the hydroxylation of proline to hydroxyproline, which is necessary for the formation of collagen. The failure of
Antimigraine Agents Pharmacology Cheat Sheet
For many years, the one standard treatment for migraine headaches was acute analgesia, often involving a narcotic, together with control of lighting and sound and the use of ergot derivatives. In the late 1990s, a new class of drugs, the
Ketosis vs Ketoacidosis: The Difference and dangerous Levels
The words Ketosis & ketoacidosis in terms look and sound are similar; many people often confuse ketoacidosis with ketosis. These conditions have very different meanings and effects on the body. Ketoacidosis is a highly dangerous condition while the ketosis has
Mitral Regurgitation (Valvular heart disease) Signs & Symptoms
Mitral valve regurgitation is also known as mitral regurgitation/Mitral Insufficiency. Mitral regurgitation (MR) can occur due to abnormalities of the valve leaflets, the annulus, the chordae tendineae or papillary muscles, or the left ventricle. The most frequent causes of mitral
