Drugs with Adverse Reactions
What is Adverse drug reactions,
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), defined as ‘the unwanted effects of drugs occurring under normal conditions of use’, are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Around 5% of acute medical emergencies are
dmitted with ADRs, and around 10–20% of hospital inpatients suffer an ADR during their stay. Unwanted effects of drugs are five to six times more likely in the elderly than in young adults; and the risk of an ADR rises sharply with
the number of drugs administered.
dmitted with ADRs, and around 10–20% of hospital inpatients suffer an ADR during their stay. Unwanted effects of drugs are five to six times more likely in the elderly than in young adults; and the risk of an ADR rises sharply with
the number of drugs administered.
Look at the following Drugs and their Adverse Reactions.
Examples of adverse drug reactions Type of reaction and drug Adverse reaction | |
Type A (augmented) | |
ACE inhibitors | Hypotension Chronic cough |
ACE antagonists | Hypotension |
Anticoagulants | Gastrointestinal bleeding Intracerebral haemorrhage |
Antipsychotics | Acute dystonia/dyskinesia Parkinsonian symptoms Tardive dyskinesia |
Cytotoxic agents | Bone marrow dyscrasias Cancer |
Erythromycin | Nausea, vomiting |
Glucocorticosteroids | Hypoadrenalism Osteoporosis |
Insulin | Hypoglycaemia |
Tricyclic antidepressants | Dry mouth |
Type B (bizarre) | |
Benzylpenicillin Radiological contrast media | Anaphylaxis |
Broad-spectrum penicillins | Maculopapular rash |
Carbamazepine Lamotrigine Phenytoin Sulphonamides | Toxic epidermal necrolysis Stevens–Johnson syndrome |
Carbamazepine Diclofenac Isoniazid Phenytoin Rifampicin | Hepatotoxicity |
Isotretinoin SSRIsa | Depression Suicidal ideation |