Antibiotic: Fluoroquinolones Uses, Dosage Range & Side Effects
Antibiotic: Fluoroquinolones
USES
Fluoroquinolones act against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. They are used primarily in the treatment of lower respiratory infections, skin/skin structure infections, urinary tract infections, and sexually transmitted diseases.
Antibiotic: Fluoroquinolones
| Name | Availability | Dosage Range | Side Effects |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) | T: 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg S: 250 mg/5 ml, 500 mg/5 ml I: 200 mg, 400 mg | A (PO): 250–750 mg q12h; (IV): 200–400 mg q12h | Dizziness, headaches, anxiety, drowsiness, insomnia, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, phlebitis (parenteral) |
| Gemifloxacin (Factive) Levofloxacin (Levaquin) | T: 320 mg T: 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg I: 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg OS: 250 mg/10 ml | A: 320 mg once daily A (PO/IV): 250–750 mg/day as single dose | Headache, dizziness, rash, diarrhea, nausea Headache, insomnia, dizziness, rash, nausea, diarrhea, constipation |
| Moxifloxacin (Avelox) | T: 400 mg I: 400 mg | A: 400 mg/day | Headache, dizziness, insomnia, nausea, diarrhea |
| Norfloxacin (Noroxin) | T: 400 mg | A: 400 mg q12h | Dizziness, headaches, anxiety, drowsiness, insomnia, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, phlebitis (parenteral) |
| Ofloxacin | T: 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg | A: 200–400 mg q12h | Dizziness, headache, insomnia, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea |
ACTION
Bactericidal. Inhibit DNA gyrase in susceptible microorganisms, interfering with bacterial DNA replication and repair.