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1. Question
Which of the following agents would not be appropriate in the treatment of glaucoma?
Correct
Answer & Explanation:
The answer is A
Explanation:
Both direct-acting (e.g., pilocarpine) and indirectacting (e.g., physostigmine) cholinergics may be used in glaucoma to increase cholinergic activity and facilitate outfl ow of aqueous humor. Similarly, both – agonists (e.g., epinephrine) and antagonists (e.g., timolol) may be used, respectively, to increase outfl ow and decrease production of aqueous humor. Atropine is contraindicated in glaucoma because its anticholinergic effects can block the outfl ow of aqueous humor and, consequently, increase intraocular pressure.
Incorrect
Answer & Explanation:
The answer is A
Explanation:
Both direct-acting (e.g., pilocarpine) and indirectacting (e.g., physostigmine) cholinergics may be used in glaucoma to increase cholinergic activity and facilitate outfl ow of aqueous humor. Similarly, both – agonists (e.g., epinephrine) and antagonists (e.g., timolol) may be used, respectively, to increase outfl ow and decrease production of aqueous humor. Atropine is contraindicated in glaucoma because its anticholinergic effects can block the outfl ow of aqueous humor and, consequently, increase intraocular pressure.
Intravenous epinephrine is used to treat cardiac arrest and hypotensive crisis (e.g., during anaphylactic reactions) due to its vasoconstrictor and positive ionotropic/chronotropic eff ects. Epinephrine is also mixed with local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, to produce localized vasoconstriction to prolong the duration of action and minimize the systemic effects of the latter.