NBDE Quiz # 73
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There are four muscles of mastication are the masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid. Embryologically, the muscles of mastication develop from the first pharyngeal arch. Consequently they are innervated by a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V), the mandibular nerve.
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NBDE Quiz # 73
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Each of the following is a muscle of mastication except the:
CorrectThe correct answer is A. The lateral and me¬dial pterygoids, masseter, and temporalis mus¬cles are muscles of mastication, capable of ex¬erting force on the mandible. These muscles are innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3). The lateral pterygoid muscle has two heads that arise from the in-fratemporal surface and infratemporal crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate, and insert on the mandibular neck and the articu¬lar capsule and disk of the temporomandibular joint. This muscle pulls the condylar process of the mandible and articular disk forward, open-ing the mouth. The medial pterygoid muscle arises from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and the pyramidal process of the palatine bone and inserts on the medial surface of the mandibular ramus and angle. It acts to elevate and protrude the mandible and produce side-to-side movements.
The masseter muscle arises from the zygo-matic arch and inserts on the mandibular ra¬mus and coronoid process; during mastication, it elevates the mandible to occlude the teeth.
The temporalis muscle arises from the tem-poral fossa, passes deep to the zygomatic arch, and inserts on the coronoid process and an¬terior border of the mandibular ramus. This muscle elevates the mandible and contributes to side-to-side grinding movements. The poste¬rior fibers of the temporalis aid in retraction of the mandible once it has been protruded. The buccinator muscle arises from the alveolar pro-cess of the maxilla, from the mandible opposite the molars, and from the anterior border of the pterygoid mandibular raphe; it inserts into the submucosa of the cheeks and lips and is used to compress the cheeks against the teeth and gums. It is innervated by the facial (VII) nerve. Although it is not a muscle of mastication, it as-sists the tongue in directing food between the molars during mastication.IncorrectThe correct answer is A. The lateral and me¬dial pterygoids, masseter, and temporalis mus¬cles are muscles of mastication, capable of ex¬erting force on the mandible. These muscles are innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3). The lateral pterygoid muscle has two heads that arise from the in-fratemporal surface and infratemporal crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate, and insert on the mandibular neck and the articu¬lar capsule and disk of the temporomandibular joint. This muscle pulls the condylar process of the mandible and articular disk forward, open-ing the mouth. The medial pterygoid muscle arises from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and the pyramidal process of the palatine bone and inserts on the medial surface of the mandibular ramus and angle. It acts to elevate and protrude the mandible and produce side-to-side movements.
The masseter muscle arises from the zygo-matic arch and inserts on the mandibular ra¬mus and coronoid process; during mastication, it elevates the mandible to occlude the teeth.
The temporalis muscle arises from the tem-poral fossa, passes deep to the zygomatic arch, and inserts on the coronoid process and an¬terior border of the mandibular ramus. This muscle elevates the mandible and contributes to side-to-side grinding movements. The poste¬rior fibers of the temporalis aid in retraction of the mandible once it has been protruded. The buccinator muscle arises from the alveolar pro-cess of the maxilla, from the mandible opposite the molars, and from the anterior border of the pterygoid mandibular raphe; it inserts into the submucosa of the cheeks and lips and is used to compress the cheeks against the teeth and gums. It is innervated by the facial (VII) nerve. Although it is not a muscle of mastication, it as-sists the tongue in directing food between the molars during mastication.