NCLEX RN Practice Question # 414

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Medications For Asthama

Quick-relief medications (rescue medications):

• Used to treat symptoms and exacerbations
• (Rescue Medications) Short-acting b2 agonists (for bronchodilation)
• Anticholinergics (for relief of acute bronchospasm)
• Systemic corticosteroids (for anti-inflammatory action to treat reversible airflow obstruction)

Long-term control medications (preventer medications):

• Used to achieve and maintain control of inflammation
• Corticosteroids (for anti-inflammatory action)
• Antiallergic medications (to prevent an adverse response on exposure to an allergen)
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (for anti-inflammatory action)
• Long-acting b2 agonists (for long-acting bronchodilation)
• Leukotriene modifiers (to prevent bronchospasm and inflammatory cell infiltration)
• Monoclonal antibody (blocks binding of IgE to mast cells to inhibit inflammation)
• Nebulizer, metered-dose inhaler (MDI): May be used to administer medications; if the child has difficulty using the MDI, medication can be administered by nebulization (medication is mixed with saline and then nebulized with compressed air by a machine).
• If the MDI is used to administer a corticosteroid, a spacer should be used to prevent yeast infections in the child’s mouth.
• The child’s growth patterns need to be monitored when corticosteroids are prescribed.