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1. Question
The client being hemodialyzed suddenly becomes short of breath and complains of chest pain. The client is tachycardic, pale, and anxious. The nurse suspects air embolism. The priority action for the nurse is to:
Correct
Answer & Rationale:
Option 1 is Correct
Rationale: If the client experiences air embolus during hemodialysis, the nurse should terminate dialysis immediately, notify the physician, and administer oxygen as needed. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination. Recalling that air embolism is an emergency situation that affects the cardiopulmonary system suddenly and profoundly will direct you to option 1. Review the emergency care of a client who develops air embolism if you had difficulty with this question.
Incorrect
Answer & Rationale:
Option 1 is Correct
Rationale: If the client experiences air embolus during hemodialysis, the nurse should terminate dialysis immediately, notify the physician, and administer oxygen as needed. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination. Recalling that air embolism is an emergency situation that affects the cardiopulmonary system suddenly and profoundly will direct you to option 1. Review the emergency care of a client who develops air embolism if you had difficulty with this question.
Hemolysis
Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells
Information
Red blood cells normally live for 110 to 120 days. After that, they naturally break down and are usually removed from the circulation by the spleen.
Some diseases and processes cause red blood cells to break down too soon. This requires the bone marrow to make more red blood cells than normal. The balance between red blood cell breakdown and production determines how low the red blood cell count becomes.
Conditions that can cause hemolysis include:
Immune reactions
Infections
Medications
Toxins and poisons
Treatments such as hemodialysis or the use of the heart-lung bypass machine