NCLEX RN Practice Question # 467
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Meniere’s syndrome
Description
- Meniere’s syndrome is also called endolymphatic hydrops; it refers to dilation of the endolymphatic system by overproduction or decreased reabsorption of endolymphatic fluid.
- The syndrome is characterized by tinnitus, unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and vertigo.
- Symptoms occur in attacks and last for several days, and the client becomes totally incapacitated during the attacks.
- Initial hearing loss is reversible but as the frequency of attacks continues, hearing loss becomes permanent. A priority nursing intervention in the care of a client with Meniere’s syndrome is instituting safety measures.
Causes
- Any factor that increases endolymphatic secretion in the labyrinth
- Viral and bacterial infections
- Allergic reactions
- Biochemical disturbances
- Vascular disturbance, producing changes in the microcirculation in the labyrinth
- Long-term stress may be a contributing factor.
Assessment
- Feelings of fullness in the ear
- Tinnitus, as a continuous low-pitched roar or humming sound, that is present much of the time but worsens just before and during severe attacks
- Hearing loss that is worse during an attack
- Vertigo, periods of whirling, that might cause the client to fall to the ground
- Vertigo that is so intense that even while lying down, the client holds the bed or ground in an attempt to prevent the whirling
- Nausea and vomiting
- Nystagmus
- Severe headaches