NCLEX RN Practice Question # 475
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What you know about Osteoporosis, ( NCLEX Review)
Description
- Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease characterized by bone demineralization, with loss of calcium and phosphorus salts leading to fragile bones and the subsequent risk for fractures.
- Bone resorption accelerates as bone formation slows.
- Osteoporosis occurs most commonly in the wrist, hip, and vertebral column.
- Osteoporosis can occur postmenopausally or as a result of a metabolic disorder or calcium deficiency.
- Client may be asymptomatic until the bones become fragile and a minor injury or movement causes a fracture.
- Primary osteoporosis
- Most often occurs in postmenopausal women; occurs in men with low testosterone levels
- Risk factors include decreased calcium intake, deficient estrogen, and sedentary lifestyle.
- Secondary osteoporosis
- Causes include prolonged therapy with corticosteroids, thyroid-reducing medications, aluminum- containing antacids, or anticonvulsants.
- Associated with immobility, alcoholism, malnutrition, or malabsorption
- Risk factors
Assessment
- Possibly asymptomatic
- Back pain occurs after lifting, bending, or stooping.
- Back pain that increases with palpation
- Pelvic or hip pain, especially with weight bearing