NCLEX RN Practice Question # 486
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Latex Allergy ( NCLEX Review)
Description
- Latex allergy is a hypersensitivity to latex.
- The source of the allergic reaction is thought to be the proteins in the natural rubber latex or the various chemicals used in the manufacturing process of latex gloves.
- Symptoms of the allergy can range frommild contact dermatitis to moderately severe symptoms of rhinitis, conjunctivitis, urticaria, and bronchospasm to severe life-threatening anaphylaxis.
Common routes of exposure)
- Cutaneous: Natural latex gloves and latex balloons
- Percutaneous and parenteral: Intravenous lines and catheters; hemodialysis equipment
- Mucosal: Use of latex condoms, catheters, airways, and nipples
- Aerosol: Aerosolization of powder from latex gloves can occur when gloves are dispensed from the box or when gloves are removed from the hands.
At-risk individuals
- Health care workers
- Individuals who work in the rubber industry
- Individuals having multiple surgeries
- Individuals with spina bifida
- Individuals who wear gloves frequently, such as food handlers, hairdressers, and auto mechanics
- Individuals allergic to kiwis, bananas, pineapples, tropical fruits, grapes, avocados, potatoes, hazelnuts, and water chestnuts
Assessment
- Anaphylaxis or type I hypersensitivity is a response to natural rubber latex .
- A delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction can occur; symptoms of contact dermatitis include pruritus, edema, erythema, vesicles, papules, and crusting and thickening of the skin and can occur within 6 to 48 hours following exposure.