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NCLEX RN Practice Question # 550

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NCLEX Examination.

Practice Question # 550.

 

Nclex

 

ANTITUMOR ANTIBIOTIC MEDICATIONS

Description

  • Interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis
  • Cell cycle phase–nonspecific medications

Side effects

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Fever
  • Bone marrow depression
  • Rash
  • Alopecia
  • Stomatitis
  • Gonadal suppression
  • Hyperuricemia
  • Vesication (blistering of tissue at IV site)
  • Daunorubicin (DaunoXome) may cause congestive heart failure and dysrhythmias.
  • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin, Doxil) and idarubicin (Idamycin) may cause cardiotoxicity, cardiomyopathy,
  • and electrocardiographic changes (Dexrazoxane [Zinecard] may be administered with doxorubicin to reduce cardiomyopathy).
  • Pulmonary toxicity can occur with bleomycin (Blenoxane).

Interventions:

Refer to general interventions section under Antineoplastic Medications.

  • Withhold medication if the platelets are lower than 75,000/mm3 or the neutrophil count is lower than 2000/mm3, and notify physician (this may vary depending on antitumor antibiotic agent and agency policy).
  • Assess results of pulmonary function tests.
  • Monitor for electrocardiographic changes.
  • Assess lung sounds for crackles.
  • Assess for signs of congestive heart failure, including dyspnea, crackles, peripheral edema, and weight gain.
  • Assess results of chest radiography and renal and liver function studies.

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