NCLEX RN Practice Question # 568
NCLEX Examination.
Practice Question # 568.
Nclex
ANGINA
Description
- Angina is chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia caused by inadequate myocardial blood and oxygen supply.
- Angina is caused by an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand.
- Causes include obstruction of coronary blood flow resulting from atherosclerosis, coronary artery spasm, or conditions increasing myocardial oxygen consumption.
Patterns of angina
Stable angina
- Also called exertional angina
- Occurs with activities that involve exertion or emotional stress; relieved with rest or nitroglycerin
- Usually has a stable pattern of onset, duration, severity, and relieving factors
Unstable angina
- Also called preinfarction angina
- Occurs with an unpredictable degree of exertion or emotion and increases in occurrence, duration, and severity over time
- Pain may not be relieved with nitroglycerin.
Variant angina
- Also called Prinzmetal’s or vasospastic angina
- Results from coronary artery spasm
- May occur at rest
- Attacks may be associated with ST segment elevation noted on the electrocardiogram (ECG).
Intractable angina is a chronic, incapacitating angina unresponsive to interventions.
Preinfarction angina
- Associated with acute coronary insufficiency
- Lasts longer than 15 minutes
- Symptom of worsening cardiac ischemia
- Occurs after an MI, when residual ischemia may cause episodes of angina