NCLEX RN Practice Question # 620
NCLEX Examination.
Practice Question # 620.
Nclex
Diabetes insipidus ( NCLEX Review )
Description
- Hyposecretion of ADH caused by stroke or trauma, or may be idiopathic
- Kidney tubules fail to reabsorb water.
Assessment
- Polyuria of 4 to 24 L/day
- Polydipsia
- Dehydration (decreased skin turgor and dry mucous membranes)
- Inability to concentrate urine
- Low urinary specific gravity, 1.006 or lower
- Fatigue
- Muscle pain and weakness
- Headache
- Postural hypotension that may progress to vascular collapse without rehydration
- Tachycardia
Interventions
- Monitor vital signs and neurological and cardiovascular status.
- Provide a safe environment, particularly for the client with postural hypotension.
- Monitor electrolyte values and for signs of dehydration.
- Maintain client intake of adequate fluids.
- Monitor intake and output, weight, serum osmolality, and specific gravity of urine.
- Instruct the client to avoid foods or liquids that produce diuresis.
- Vasopressin tannate (Pitressin) or desmopressin acetate (DDAVP, Stimate) may be
- prescribed; these are used when the ADH deficiency is severe or chronic.
- Instruct the client in the administration ofmedications as prescribed; DDAVP may be administered by injection, intranasally, or orally.
- Instruct the client to wear a Medic-Alert bracelet.