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1. Question
The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which findings would the nurse expect to note on assessment of this client? Select all that apply.
Correct
Answer: Option 2,3 are correct answer.
Rationale: Clinical manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include hypoxemia, hypercapnia, dyspnea on exertion and at rest, oxygen desaturation with exercise, and the use of accessory muscles of respiration. Chest x-rays reveal a hyperinflated chest and a flattened diaphragm if the disease is advanced. Pulmonary function tests will demonstrate decreased vital capacity. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, manifestations of COPD. Think about the pathophysiology associated with this disorder. Remember that hypercapnia, a hyperinflated chest, a flat diaphragm, oxygen desaturation on exercise, and decreased vital capacity are manifestations.
Incorrect
Answer: Option 2,3 are correct answer.
Rationale: Clinical manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include hypoxemia, hypercapnia, dyspnea on exertion and at rest, oxygen desaturation with exercise, and the use of accessory muscles of respiration. Chest x-rays reveal a hyperinflated chest and a flattened diaphragm if the disease is advanced. Pulmonary function tests will demonstrate decreased vital capacity. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, manifestations of COPD. Think about the pathophysiology associated with this disorder. Remember that hypercapnia, a hyperinflated chest, a flat diaphragm, oxygen desaturation on exercise, and decreased vital capacity are manifestations.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COPD is an umbrella term that could refer to emphysema and chronic bronchitis and, more commonly, a combination of these conditions. Asthma was once classified as a type of COPD and shares some of the same characteristics but it’s now considered a distinct chronic inflammatory disorder. The most common chronic lung disease, COPD affects an estimated 30 million Americans, and its incidence is rising. It now ranks fourth among the major causes of death in the United States.
What causes it:
COPD may result from:
• cigarette smoking
• recurrent or chronic respiratory tract infection
• allergies
• familial and hereditary factors such as alpha1-antitrypsin
deficiency.
