NCLEX RN Practice Question # 660
NCLEX Examination.
Practice Question # 660.
NCLEX Quiz
Myocardial infarction
An occlusion of a coronary artery, MI leads to oxygen deprivation, myocardial ischemia, and eventual necrosis. It’s one component of acute coronary syndrome.
The extent of functional impairment and the patient’s prognosis depend on the size and location of the infarct, the condition of the uninvolved myocardium, the potential for collateral circulation, and the effectiveness of compensatory mechanisms. In the United States, MI is the leading cause of death in adults.
What causes it
MI can arise from any condition in which the myocardial oxygen supply can’t keep pace with demand, including:
• CAD
• Coronary artery emboli
• Thrombus
• Coronary artery spasm
• Severe hematologic and coagulation disorders
• Myocardial contusion
• Congenital coronary artery anomalies.
Certain risk factors increase a patient’s vulnerability to MI. These factors include family history of MI, gender (men are more susceptible), hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, aging, stress, meno pause, elevated serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels.