NCLEX RN Practice Question # 971

NCLEX Examination.

Practice Question # 971.

Vomiting

1. The major concerns when a child is vomiting are the risk of dehydration, the loss of fluid and electrolytes, and the development of metabolic alkalosis.
2. Additional concerns include aspiration and the development of atelectasis or pneumonia.
3. Causes of vomiting include acute infectious diseases, increased intracranial pressure, toxic ingestions, food intolerance, mechanical obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic disorders, and psychogenic disorders.
4. Assessment
5. Character of vomitus
6. Signs of aspiration
7. Presence of pain and abdominal cramping
8. Signs of dehydration and fluid and electrolyte imbalances
9. Signs of metabolic alkalosis
10. Interventions
11. Maintain a patent airway.
12. Position the child on the side to prevent aspiration.
13. Monitor the character, amount, and frequency of vomiting.
14. Assess the force of the vomiting; projectile vomiting may indicate pyloric stenosis or increased intracranial pressure.
15. Monitor strict intake and output.
16. Monitor for signs and symptoms of dehydration, such