NCLEX RN Quiz # 1012
NCLEX Examination.
Practice Question # 1012.
nclex quiz
Urolithiasis refers to stones (calculi) in the urinary tract. Stones are formed in the urinary tract when urinary concentrations of substances such as calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and uric acid increase. This is referred to as supersaturation and is dependent on the amount of the substance, ionic strength, and pH of the urine.
Stones can also form when there is a deficiency of substances that normally prevent crystallization in the urine, such as citrate, magnesium, nephrocalcin, and uropontin. The fluid volume status of the patient (stones tend to occur more often in dehydrated patients) is another factor playing a key role in stone development.
Calculi may be found anywhere from the kidney to the bladder. They vary in size from minute granular deposits, called sand or gravel, to bladder stones as large as an orange. The different sites of calculi formation in the urinary tract