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1. Question
A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has histoplasmosis. The nurse should assess the client for which expected finding?
Correct
Option A is the correct answer:
Rationale: Histoplasmosis is an opportunistic fungal infection that can occur in the client with AIDS. The infection begins as a respiratory infection and can progress to disseminated infection. Typical signs and symptoms include fever, dyspnea, cough, and weight loss. Enlargement of the client’s lymph nodes, liver, and spleen may occur as well.
Incorrect
Option A is the correct answer:
Rationale: Histoplasmosis is an opportunistic fungal infection that can occur in the client with AIDS. The infection begins as a respiratory infection and can progress to disseminated infection. Typical signs and symptoms include fever, dyspnea, cough, and weight loss. Enlargement of the client’s lymph nodes, liver, and spleen may occur as well.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is no longer only a disease of young people. It is increasingly recognized that AIDS does not spare the older segment of society. According to a report of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, between 1981 to 1989, more than 10% of all AIDS patients nationwide were 50 years of age or older at the time of diagnosis, and about 3% were age 60 years or older. In that report, male homosexual contact and blood transfusions were the predominant modes of transmission among older patients.
Transmission by contaminated blood products has declined in recent years, so the predominant mode of transmission in older people now is through sexual contact. The most common AIDS-indicator disease in the older person is Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Wasting syndrome and HIV encephalopathy are also common in older HIV-infected people. Survival time is significantly shorter in older patients than in younger patients with AIDS.
